Property Wrapped 2025: Australia’s Property Market Recovery & Where to Invest in 2026

Property Wrapped 2025 is here.

In this episode of Get Rich, Molly Benjamin is joined by Arjun Paliwal from InvestorKit to break down what really happened in Australia’s property market in 2025, and what it means for buyers and investors heading into 2026.

We unpack the data behind the headlines, including which cities and regions outperformed, where the strongest price growth occurred, how buyer behaviour shifted throughout the year, and why some people kept missing out on properties.

You’ll also learn:

• Why “recovery” is the word that best sums up 2025
• Which price points saw the most activity
• Investor vs first-home-buyer trends
• Auctions vs private sales
• The biggest mistake buyers made this year
• The one stat that matters most in 2026
• Why focusing too much on interest rate forecasts can hold you back

If property is on your radar, this is your end-of-year market wrap, minus the hype and full of practical insight.

This episode is brought to you by InvestorKit, Australia’s #1 Buyers Agency for 2023 and 2024. They specialise in helping investors find high-growth properties utilising industry leading AI and data driven research process across Australia. 70%+ of the properties they purchase are off-market and they have consistently outperformed national average capital growth rates by over 49%. Whether you’re looking to build your property portfolio or secure your first investment. Check them out here.

CHAPTERS

00:00 – Welcome to Get Rich
00:01 – From Financial Mess to Building Wealth
00:01 – Spotify Wrapped Meets Property Wrapped 2025
00:01 – What Really Happened in the Property Market in 2025
00:02 – Introducing Arjun Pal from InvestorKit
00:02 – One Word to Describe 2025: Recovery
00:03 – The Top Property Trends of 2025
00:04 – Which Cities Kept Booming (And Which Recovered)
00:05 – Buyer’s Market vs Seller’s Market by State
00:06 – The Price Points That Performed Best
00:06 – First Home Buyers vs Investors in 2025
00:07 – Do You Really Need Pre-Approval First
00:09 – Price Point First vs Location First Investing
00:10 – Rentvesting Explained
00:10 – How Long It Really Takes to Buy a Property
00:12 – Competing Against Buyer’s Agents
00:14 – Auctions vs Private Sales
00:15 – Negotiating in Hot vs Cooling Markets
00:15 – The #1 Reason Buyers Missed Out in 2025
00:17 – Arjun’s Most Satisfying Client Wins
00:20 – What Property Investors Should Watch in 2026
00:21 – The Middle Ring Markets to Watch
00:21 – Why Interest Rates Matter Less Than You Think
00:23 – Final Takeaways for Buyers Heading Into 2026

LINKS FROM THE EPISODE

Arjun’s Property Podcast – The Property Nerds: https://www.investorkit.com.au/podcasts/

CONNECT WITH ARJUN PALIWAL

Website: https://www.investorkit.com.au/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/arjpaliwal/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/propertybuyersagent/
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@investorkit

CONNECT WITH LADIES FINANCE CLUB

Join our free Facebook group - Ladies Finance Club Money Chat
Website: https://www.ladiesfinanceclub.com/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ladiesfinanceclub/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/ladies-finance-club/

TAKEAWAYS

• 2025 is characterized by recovery in the property market.
• Darwin was the top-performing market with over 17% growth.
• Investors led the market recovery in 2025.
• The most activity was seen in the 550k to 750k price range.
• Buyers are increasingly seeking guidance from buyer's agents.
• Two to four months is the average time to find a property.
• Buyers often miss out due to unrealistic expectations.
• Successful investments require a focus on data-driven decisions.
• Middle ring price points are expected to gain traction in 2026.
• It's crucial to focus on growth markets, not just interest rates.

SOUND BITES

"Recovery is the word of 2025."
"Two to four months is the most average time."
"It's been a great 2025 together."

TRANSCRIPT

[00:00:00] Molly: Welcome to Get Rich, the podcast that helps you do just that. Get rich and stay rich. Hey, I'm Molly Benjamin. I'm the founder of Ladies Finance Club, one of Australia's largest financial education platforms for women. But before I started helping thousands of women take control with their money, I was a hot financial mess when it came to my own finances and not the fun kind of hot, more like crying in a supermarket, wondering where all my money went kind of hot.

[00:00:29] But here's the thing, if I can go from financial mass to owning a share portfolio, investing in property, and building wealth. Then you can too. My mission is simple to make women rich because when we have financial freedom, we have choices, confidence, and control over our future. Every week on Get Rich, I sit down with some of the best experts in the industry to break down how we can all start investing, growing our money, and creating long-term financial security without the jargon, boring bits or overwhelm.

[00:01:02] Because when women get rich, we don't just change our lives, we change the world. So if you're ready to start making some smart Money moves, hit that subscribe button and let's get Rich together.

[00:01:18] Hey ladies, welcome back to another episode of Get Rich. Now we're all pretty familiar with Spotify rap. It shows who you're most played songs, um, what age demographic you are. Uh, by the way, I was 73 and I was like. Okay, Spotify, whatever. But we're gonna consider this episode your property wrapped for 2025.

[00:01:37] So today we're breaking down what really happened in the Australian property market this year, and the markets that surprised everyone, the ones that kept booming, and the ones that finally recovered. And overall, what does that actually mean if you're thinking about buying or investing in 2026? And as always, to help us unpack this, I'm joined by Arjun Al from Investor Kit.

[00:01:59] As we dive into the data behind the headlines from Growth Cities and Price Points to Buy Behavior investor trends and the big Mistakes people made in 2025, think of this episode as your end of year property recap minus the hype, plus maybe the insights you actually need and can help you in the future.

[00:02:18] I hope you enjoy us. Second, final episode for 2025. Let's jump in. So as I mentioned in the intro, we're gonna do a bit of a Spotify wrapped, but a property wrapped 2025 investor hit edition. So to kick us off, Arjun, how would you sum up 2025 in one word? From a buyer's agent perspective,

[00:02:40] Arjun: I would say one word.

[00:02:41] Okay. That's tough. Recovery. Yeah.

[00:02:45] Molly: Okay. And any thoughts about why recovery?

[00:02:50] Arjun: Yeah, so we saw moments in the last year and a half where the markets had weakened for most of 2024 on a national level. 2025 was off to a slower start. We saw 23 really pick back up after the week of 22 when interest rates first started going down and going up.

[00:03:09] But then nationally, we've seen over the last six months, like the ending half of 2025, a good recovery everywhere. So even those cities that were like slowing down or moving backwards have gone into the positive. And then those cities that were going strong have kept on keeping on.

[00:03:26] Molly: Love it. Okay, so recovery is the word of um, 2025.

[00:03:31] And what would you say were maybe high level the top three trends you saw across the market this year?

[00:03:37] Arjun: So the number one trend I would say is that Darwin came out and was the number one performing market for 2025 housing values up over 17% in 2025, which is pretty solid as per core logic. And when it comes to the second trend, I'd say is those strong markets that were going really well over the last six years has been, you know, the Wa SA and Queensland States.

[00:04:03] And they have kept going on. You know, people have been looking at 22 and said, that's the end at 23. They said that's the end at 24. They said that's the end 25. So yeah, sure. A broken clock is eventually right. But the main thing is most people have been wrong and these three markets have continued to defy expectations.

[00:04:22] Mm-hmm. And they've grown really well. And the third and final trend is that the regional Victorian and regional New South Wales, or just New South Wales and Victorian recoveries are finally back. Alongside Tassie, but when I say finally back, it's like they've been doing sort of three to 5% growth rate, sometimes even backwards over recent years, but in the last 12 months, they're back in that long-term average of around five to 6% growth rates.

[00:04:46] So when you're back at that long-term average, you're recovering and because there's such a large states, they move a lot of the national figures. Mm. So Australia is back up 7.5% over the last 12 months, which is wow. Above long-term averages. You know, long-term averages of property are between five and 7%.

[00:05:01] So if you're over 7% with regionals leading the way at 8.6%, that means 2025 has been a strong year, hence the word recovery.

[00:05:09] Molly: Yeah, absolutely. And like looking at, you know, that that recovery, would you say 2025 was more a buyer's year or a seller's year, or It was a little bit of both.

[00:05:23] Arjun: I'm gonna say it depends where,

[00:05:25] Molly: yeah.

[00:05:25] Arjun: We are looking at the markets of Victoria and New South Wales. The start of 2025 was a buyer's year. Yeah. It's ended though now transitioning towards the sellers year. Yeah. If you're looking at WA Queensland SA all over the states sellers year. Yeah. And it's been hard to get into those markets. So that's my summary.

[00:05:45] In terms of like the nation, it's, it's definitely, it depends where.

[00:05:48] Molly: Yeah. And what price points did you see the most activity in? Is, was it like the 800,000, the million or more below that, around the 500?

[00:06:00] Arjun: Yeah. I would say that the most affordable markets are still the biggest winners in terms of growth.

[00:06:06] So if we have a look at Brisbane, the affordable markets have been, you know, growing pretty aggressively. If we look at Adelaide, the same thing. Perth was very much the same thing, but it is starting to change. What I would say is that 2025 was still the year of that sort of five 50 to seven 50 budgets being the best performers.

[00:06:27] But as we go into 2026, it's likely to be the six 50 to nine 50.

[00:06:32] Molly: Yeah, nice. And that, well, from my own little example of I bought a place five 50, my partner bought a place in Darwin six 50 that literally lands right in the middle of those, that range. Yeah. And curious as well, was it first time buyers you guys were seeing?

[00:06:50] Was it people upgrading or was it more on the investor side that you saw the most buyers come through?

[00:06:57] Arjun: Well, we're a little biased when it comes to that. Investors are definitely the main audience for us, but when you look at the stats all around, I mean, investors still were the leading audience for 2025 when it comes to like the recovery.

[00:07:09] But we saw a lot of recovery also in the first term buyer. I mean, we've seen the new initiatives come out recently, but first term buyers are also led to believe that property prices are gonna be increasing higher. And so when people are seeing that happen. They definitely wanted to, you know, get in as, as part of 2025.

[00:07:26] So we can definitely see 25 is a year that it's been all buyer bases start to come back up, but investors are definitely leading the charge.

[00:07:33] Molly: Yeah. And when you see these investors come through, do most of them have their pre-approval or are they having conversations before they even start that process?

[00:07:43] Arjun: They're having conversations before they start. Okay. Many people are starting to realize that pre-approvals aren't really that all valuable. Many states have finance clauses, pre-approvals expire in 90 days and you have to redo it, of course, still go have conversations simultaneously with the finance and buyer agency team.

[00:08:03] But when it comes to needing pre-approval, it's not the must. It's still something you should go and do simultaneously. Because whilst your process of searching for the right property is happening, which would take a few months, you're not sitting there with the preapproval ready and then losing out on that time and then having to refresh it.

[00:08:21] You're getting it when it's the right time, and then you're ready when it's the right time. So that's kind of the thing I'm noticing more often in 2025, whereas in 24 prior I was always like, let me just get all my ducks lined up. Then go, yeah, we can start to see people going, oh no, I, I wanna get it lined up, but I wanna get it lined up.

[00:08:35] At the same time. I'm looking for stuff, not so much a. Get everything sorted first and then only to be disappointed. 'cause it takes time to find the right ones. And it's such a hot market that it also takes time to secure the right one.

[00:08:46] Molly: Yeah, absolutely. And so I guess for those who are like, what's a preapproval?

[00:08:52] That's just like when the, the lender, so generally the bank or whoever the, who's lending you the money is like, we pre-approve that. You can have 600 K or 800 k. So that's pre-approval if you're not sure of it. And I'm also just really curious, like, are people coming to you going, this is the location I want, Arjun?

[00:09:12] Or are they going, this is my price point? What can you find me? Like, do people come in with a really clear idea of what they're after?

[00:09:21] Arjun: Yeah. Everyone's coming in with, this is my price point. What? Can you find me?

[00:09:25] Molly: Yeah.

[00:09:25] Arjun: And the reason why that's so important to do as well is that if you do that, you're not moving with a bias on which market from the get go.

[00:09:33] The best investors that I've seen having worked with clients who've brought up to 13 properties at one portfolio, it's wild. I've seen everyone in between. The most common thing amongst the best is tell me where to go.

[00:09:45] Molly: Yeah,

[00:09:46] Arjun: tell me what my portfolio plan needs to get to my goal. Here's what I can do this time around.

[00:09:52] And the benefit of that is that you get guided by data, not a comfort of where you want to go, and then you look for support in the area of where you want to go.

[00:10:00] Molly: Absolutely. And it's looking at it like a business decision, not like an emotional decision, which I love. I was speaking to a lady just yesterday, and she lives in Byron Bay.

[00:10:09] She's got a. Price point of 600 K. And so I introduced her to the concept of rent vesting. I'm like, Hey, you know, if Fire and Bay is out of your price point, which at six 50 probably is, have you heard about rent vesting? And she hadn't actually. So I was like, it's such a good option for people where if they live in an area that they love but can't afford, they can continue to rent there, but buy somewhere else where they're seeing that capital growth.

[00:10:37] And I guess as well, like. Once someone engages with you guys, on average, how long does it take to buy? Once again, it might be like, obviously depending on, but like atypical, like standard average time. How long does it actually take for you guys to find a property for them?

[00:10:57] Arjun: So we typically say two to four months is the most average time.

[00:11:02] When it extends out, I have seen it go out to three to five months. Yeah. But the good news is on both those scenarios, the two to four or three to five is faster than the typical Aussie would do anyway. Yeah. Most people refresh their preapproval almost two times, so when it comes to two times, the pre-approval is usually valid for 90 days.

[00:11:23] So they're refresh it once, but they have it once. So we counted as two times. So that's where. Most people will then have it be six months instead of the two to four or three to five that we achieve. So I would say that from that perspective, that's how long and when you're having all that data and research behind it and having all that kind of focus on certain areas and then follow 20 points of due diligence and avoid overpaying, and you get access to properties not on the internet, it's clear that you're filtering out so much.

[00:11:50] And to still get that within two to four is pretty special. So two to four, three to five. It still beats the typical Aussie at six.

[00:11:56] Molly: Yeah, that seems quite fast that you can just be like, okay, boom, boom, boom, boom. Which is great to hear. And how often do you find now that buyers are competing with buyer agents when they go to a sale?

[00:12:13] I know it's becoming a lot more popular. A lot more people are outsourcing that to experts because they're like, Hey, I know nothing about property. Let's get someone who does it every day. I guess, what are you seeing in that space?

[00:12:27] Arjun: Yeah, so I personally feel that we're gonna get to a point where in the long term it'll just be the only way.

[00:12:34] Molly: Yeah.

[00:12:34] Arjun: And the majority way, that is the long term, but that takes a long time to get there, hence it's long term. Yeah. But in the interim, it's like if you wanna buy using data and if you wanna buy in the right places using data, and you wanna avoid overpaying. Have the right due diligence, have the right access to more properties, then that's where you will see a lot of buyer agents compete against you.

[00:12:55] Yeah, and look, some people want to do it without one, and that's cool. And some people want to do it with one because they can see that happening. And it's frustrating to keep missing out to those who might be better connected or have better relationships or have. Better data to find the right ones in the right pockets, and you might go to that secondary pocket.

[00:13:13] So these are just considerations people have to have in their journey. If they're trying to be more data driven, it's better to have a team aside, not just from the actual deal itself, but if you get the right team who builds portfolios. Then you get guidance beyond a purchase. You get guidance to actually get to your goal.

[00:13:27] Molly: Yeah, I know a trend. I'm definitely seeing well, too with Ladies Finance Club, when it comes to buyer's, agents are, they're just sick of missing out and they're like, okay, this is kind of getting a bit too much for me. I need to outsource this to someone who's. Gonna be able to secure me a property 'cause they're like I've missed out on my 10th property.

[00:13:46] And the other one I'm speaking to a lot of mortgage brokers just in Ladies Finance club. And a lot of them see way more successful. Sales are much faster sales when the person has engaged with a buyer's agent as well. So yeah, that doesn't surprise me at all. And Ira, just as well, this is again, curiosity for our Spotify wrap up, like with, and obviously just within like.

[00:14:10] The world you are in, how many properties are you seeing going via auction versus private sale?

[00:14:17] Arjun: Hmm. So there are some cities where a majority of properties are auction when you come to like the likes of Sydney, Melbourne, and the premium parts of even Brisbane, Adelaide.

[00:14:27] Molly: Yeah.

[00:14:27] Arjun: But what I'm finding is that for US, auctions are now representing a very small percentage.

[00:14:33] Like it's still like less than a couple percent of transactions. I do see a trend though, that in 2026 it's gonna rise.

[00:14:42] Molly: Yeah.

[00:14:42] Arjun: Only because the certain cities and states showing a lot of the promise. I'm gonna be those where auctions are more common and and more regular, so, yeah. Yeah.

[00:14:51] Molly: Awesome. How often were you guys able to negotiate on behalf of your clients?

[00:14:57] Or like you just went with the price that it was going at?

[00:15:00] Arjun: Yeah, so we find it depends on the market. Yeah. So if you have markets that are like early adopter markets, you just have better negotiation power, right? Yeah. We're able to get markets. That are better there. And then in higher markets that are hotspots, the whole idea isn't how well you negotiate, it's how you avoid overpaying.

[00:15:17] Molly: Yeah.

[00:15:17] Arjun: So in certain cycles it's like, what's the best deal? The steal that you can get. Yeah. And certain cycles, it's like, what can you pay to make sure you get into the market but avoid looking silly? So, uh, it's all about just finding that balance whenever which, which market you're in. Because those markets that are really hot, you still want to get into them because the growth is gonna carry you forward.

[00:15:39] Molly: Yeah. Awesome. What was the biggest reason buyers missed out on properties this year, do you think?

[00:15:46] Arjun: The biggest reason buyers missed out on property this year was just trying to tick every box on a checklist. In my opinion. When it came to the buyers that we saw that missed out, it was, I wanted the perfectly square block.

[00:16:00] On 500 plus square meters with this size bedrooms with no works to be done, and then no things that were quirky or odd and I wanna do it under 600 K. And so it's like that the budget control with the needing to tick every box and to have it all perfect and to have the time to have that perfect is what buyers have held back in terms of being able to hit their goals fast enough or be able to move on the right opportunity.

[00:16:28] So I feel like. As prices rise across Australia and the 5 56 50 becomes less common. Mm-hmm. The thing is, the expectations need to move with it. With what you can get from the property.

[00:16:41] Molly: Yeah.

[00:16:41] Arjun: And if it doesn't, people will not want to make a move and they'll hold themselves back a lot in their long term performance.

[00:16:48] Molly: Yeah.

[00:16:48] Arjun: All, they'll make moves that feel really comfortable and go to units and, and areas that they think look good or feel good, but don't really produce the good result.

[00:16:57] Molly: Yeah. So kind of like a bit of an unrealistic expectation from people trying to find that, yeah, the dream property, but it doesn't need to necessarily be the dream property.

[00:17:06] It just needs to tick enough boxes and make sure it's in the right area.

[00:17:10] Arjun: Absolutely.

[00:17:11] Molly: Awesome. And I would love to know Argen, what was your most satisfying when you saw with a client for 2025?

[00:17:18] Arjun: Ooh, my most satisfying win for a client in 2025, I would say. It's not so much the, um, actual purchase. It's doing something where we do portfolio reviews.

[00:17:32] Yeah. And when we did portfolio reviews, we were doing them of clients that we bought properties for in 2023 and 2024 in the cities of Townsville and Rockhampton. Mm. And also cities in mid 24 to late 24 in Bendigo.

[00:17:48] Molly: Yeah.

[00:17:48] Arjun: And Rey Wodonga. So I wanna mention these four examples in particular for two different reasons.

[00:17:54] The ones we'd brought in Townsville and Rockhampton, who wanted to get that Queensland exposure. We predicted double digit percentage growths to happen in 2025, but we were shocked as to how much happened. Wow. Uh, one couple, Alina and Shane, I bought them a property for 385,000 in Townsville and 410 or four 15,000 in Rockhampton, and those two properties are now worth high fives to low sixes, so that's over 40% gain.

[00:18:21] In one and a half years for purchases. Now, we did not forecast that, but we forecasted double digit percentages. It was just wild as to how much it continued to snowball. Yeah. Then if we look at the other ones in Wodonga and Bendigo, what really surprised me there, I mean, it wasn't a surprise, sorry. It was like a surprise of like when people had purchased with us in those markets.

[00:18:45] In 24, our forecast actually said. Minus three to positive 3% growth. So we'd bought there knowing that it wasn't gonna be a stellar six to 12 months in those markets.

[00:18:58] Molly: Mm-hmm.

[00:18:58] Arjun: And the forecasts were correct throughout 2024. They weren't high performers. Yeah. But it was because we were timing their cycle to be early.

[00:19:06] Yeah. And their, before anything happened. And then all of a sudden now throughout 2025, those two cities have grown double digit percentages. They've grown between 10 to 13% for those two cities. So now it's like, awesome. Not only did it do what we thought it would do in 24, the minus three to plus three forecast, but then secondly, it's doing what we thought it would do in 25 and 26, and it's picking back up in the new cycle starting.

[00:19:33] And those two are very satisfying moments because I got people into markets where I'm like, I know this is gonna pop, and it popped more. And then the other ones were like, yeah, we know this is not gonna be strong. And then customers are a bit anxious as to like, why did we buy in these markets? We are feeling like it's not doing good.

[00:19:49] And then suddenly we're like, no, no, no, it's doing what it said we would do. And then now look at the next year, it's, we say it's gonna do this. And it also did that, and so I'm really stoked about those because it's not about the ego of getting those markets right. It's about knowing that what you woke up out of bed to do that day for a client to help them with their life and their goals ahead is happening as you wanted it to be for them, and as you spoke to them, for them as well.

[00:20:13] And so it's like, it's really powerful just knowing that because we pride ourselves on our research and data and making predictions and making calls and getting them right allows us to actually help Aussies get ahead.

[00:20:25] Molly: I love that 'cause that looks so different from for them had they just tried to do it themselves.

[00:20:31] So yeah, I think that's a big pat on the back to you guys. You were really good at what you do. I love that. And then my last two questions is if we shift from our 2025 property wrap to 2026, what is one stat by should care more about in 2026?

[00:20:52] Arjun: In 2026, I would say the stat you should care about is gonna be the middle ring price points.

[00:21:01] So I firmly believe that the middle ring is gonna be back in action in 2026. So that's like the, for many of those affordable capitals, that'll be, you know, the 800 to a million or seven 50 to a million For the more premium capitals, that'll be like 1.3 to one point a. That sort of middle ring price point hasn't seen the love in some recent years as the affordable markets have.

[00:21:27] And I do feel those middle ring markets are gonna start to come back into action.

[00:21:30] Molly: Nice and final question, if listeners do one thing early next year, what should it be? And obviously listeners who are wanting to get on the property market,

[00:21:41] Arjun: I'd say don't get caught up in the interest rate forecast for 2026.

[00:21:45] In 2026, people are worrying that, okay, well inflation might be sticky. Interest rates might come back up. And just about a month or two ago, banks were saying interest rates are cutting. What I can see in the environment right now firstly, is that there's more signs towards cuts at, in 2026, even if one were to increase back just to look at inflation or try and tame it, whatever people think.

[00:22:07] I feel firstly, don't put that too much focus on it because even if my forecast is wrong for interest rate, the main thing is. We're able to find growth markets irrespective of what interest rates do and the last five years have of history have shown that actually the last 15 years has shown that you take a look down 2010 to 2025, that's now, you know, a good 25 years.

[00:22:30] And during that data, uh, sorry, 2010 to 2025 is a good 15 years. And during that 15 years, you'll see interest rates drop from 2012 to 2021 and. Brisbane and Adelaide did nothing between 2012 and 2019, and Sydney and Melbourne did great. And then you look at interest rates rising from 22 to 25 and Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, boomed, WA A SA, Queensland, all the regional areas, boom.

[00:22:56] And Victorian, new South Wales didn't do as good and then they're starting to recover. So it's just like people have to stop paying attention to the macro interest rate cycle and just focus on can they buy, do they have buffers? And if so, they should look to grow their wealth.

[00:23:09] Molly: I think that's such great advice, especially as we see the media making such a big deal of interest rates, every kind of the RBA announcement.

[00:23:18] But Arjun, thank you so much. That is an awesome Spotify wrap for the year and then we know what to look out for the year ahead. Thank you so much to Investor Kit for supporting our podcast all year.

[00:23:31] Arjun: You're welcome. It's been a great 2025 together and looking forward to some more special times in 2026 with more property updates for everyone.

[00:23:38] Molly: Absolutely.

KEYWORDS

2025 property market, recovery trends, buyer's agents, investment strategies, property growth, market dynamics, negotiation tactics, client success, real estate predictions, Australian property